Knowledge Bank
Income-tax Act, 2025
Every section explained in plain language, with statutory text and case law where verified and available. Browse chapter by chapter, or search for a specific section. 535 sections published so far.
Chapter I - Preliminary
Chapter II - Basis of Charge
- Section 4Charge of Income-tax
- Section 5Scope of total income
- Section 6Residence in India
- Section 7Income deemed to be received and dividend deemed to be income in a tax year
- Section 8Income on receipt of capital asset or stock-in-trade by specified person from specified entity
- Section 9Income deemed to accrue or arise in India
- Section 10Apportionment of income between spouses governed by Portuguese Civil Code
Chapter III - Incomes Which Do Not Form Part of Total Income
Chapter IV - Computation of Total Income
- Section 14Income not forming part of total income and expenditure in relation to such income
- Section 15Salaries
- Section 16Income from salary
- Section 17Perquisite
- Section 18Profits in lieu of salary
- Section 19Deductions from salaries
- Section 20Income from house property
- Section 21Determination of annual value
- Section 22Deductions from income from house property
- Section 23Arrears of rent and unrealised rent received subsequently
- Section 24Property owned by co-owners
- Section 25Interpretation
- Section 26Income under head "Profits and gains of business or profession"
- Section 27Manner of computing profits and gains of business or profession
- Section 28Rent, rates, taxes, repairs and insurance
- Section 29Deductions related to employee welfare
- Section 30Deduction on certain premium
- Section 31Deduction for Bad Debt and Provision for Bad and Doubtful Debt
- Section 32Other Deductions
- Section 33Deduction for Depreciation
- Section 34General Conditions for Allowable Deductions
- Section 35Amounts Not Deductible in Certain Circumstances
- Section 36Expenses or Payments Not Deductible in Certain Circumstances
- Section 37Certain Deductions Allowed on Actual Payment Basis Only
- Section 38Certain Sums Deemed as Profits and Gains of Business or Profession
- Section 39Computation of Actual Cost
- Section 40Special Provision for Computation of Cost of Acquisition of Certain Assets
- Section 41Written Down Value of Depreciable Asset
- Section 42Capitalising Impact of Foreign Exchange Fluctuation
- Section 43Taxation of Foreign Exchange Fluctuation
- Section 44Amortisation of Certain Preliminary Expenses
- Section 45Expenditure on Scientific Research
- Section 46Capital Expenditure of Specified Business
- Section 47Expenditure on Agricultural Extension Project and Skill Development Project
- Section 48Tea Development Account, Coffee Development Account and Rubber Development Account
- Section 49Site Restoration Fund
- Section 50Special Provision in Case of Trade, Profession or Similar Association
- Section 51Amortisation of Expenditure for Prospecting Certain Minerals
- Section 52Amortisation of Expenditure for Telecommunications Services, Amalgamation, Demerger, Scheme of Voluntary Retirement, etc
- Section 53Full Value of Consideration for Transfer of Assets Other than Capital Assets in Certain Cases
- Section 54Business of Prospecting for Mineral Oils
- Section 55Insurance Business
- Section 56Special Provision in Case of Interest Income of Specified Financial Institutions
- Section 57Revenue Recognition for Construction and Service Contracts
- Section 58Special provision for computing profits and gains of business or profession on presumptive basis in case of certain residents
- Section 59Computation of royalty and fee for technical services in hands of nonresidents
- Section 60Deduction of head office expenditure in case of non-residents
- Section 61Special provision for computation of income on presumptive basis in respect of certain business activities of certain non-residents
- Section 62Maintenance of books of account
- Section 63Tax audit
- Section 64Special provision for computing deductions in case of business reorganisation of co-operative banks
- Section 65Interpretation for purposes of section 64
- Section 66Interpretation
- Section 67Capital gains
- Section 68Capital gains on distribution of assets by companies in liquidation
- Section 69Capital gains on purchase by company of its own shares or other specified securities
- Section 70Transactions not regarded as transfer
- Section 71Withdrawal of exemption in certain cases
- Section 72Mode of computation of capital gains
- Section 73Cost with reference to certain modes of acquisition
- Section 74Special provision for computation of capital gains in case of depreciable assets
- Section 75Special provision for cost of acquisition in case of depreciable asset
- Section 76Special provision for computation of capital gains in case of Market Linked Debenture
- Section 77Special provision for computation of capital gains in case of slump sale
- Section 78Special provision for full value of consideration in certain cases
- Section 79Special provision for full value of consideration for transfer of share other than quoted share
- Section 80Fair market value deemed to be full value of consideration in certain cases
- Section 81Advance money received
- Section 82Profit on sale of property used for residence
- Section 83Capital gains on transfer of land used for agricultural purposes not to be charged in certain cases
- Section 84Capital gains on compulsory acquisition of lands and buildings not to be charged in certain cases
- Section 85Capital Gains Not to Be Charged on Investment in Certain Bonds
- Section 86Capital Gains on Transfer of Certain Capital Assets Not to Be Charged in Case of Investment in Residential House
- Section 87Exemption of Capital Gains on Transfer of Assets in Cases of Shifting of Industrial Undertaking from Urban Area
- Section 88Exemption of Capital Gains on Transfer of Assets in Cases of Shifting of Industrial Undertaking from Urban Area to Any Special Economic Zone
- Section 89Extension of Time for Acquiring New Asset or Depositing or Investing Amount of Capital Gains
- Section 90Meaning of "Adjusted", "Cost of Improvement" and "Cost of Acquisition"
- Section 91Reference to Valuation Officer
- Section 92Income from Other Sources
- Section 93Deductions
- Section 94Amounts Not Deductible
- Section 95Profits Chargeable to Tax
Chapter V - Income of Other Persons Included in Total Income of Assessee
- Section 96Transfer of Income Without Transfer of Assets
- Section 97Chargeability of Income in Transfer of Assets
- Section 98"Transfer" and "Revocable Transfer" Defined
- Section 99Income of Individual to Include Income of Spouse, Minor Child, etc
- Section 100Liability of Person in Respect of Income Included in Income of Another Person
Chapter VI - Aggregation of Income
Chapter VII - Set Off, or Carry Forward and Set Off of Losses
- Section 108Set Off of Losses Under Same Head of Income
- Section 109Set Off of Losses Under Any Other Head of Income
- Section 110Carry Forward and Set Off of Loss from House Property
- Section 111Carry Forward and Set Off of Loss from Capital Gains
- Section 112Carry Forward and Set Off of Business Loss
- Section 113Set Off and Carry Forward of Losses Computed in Respect of Speculation Business
- Section 114Set Off and Carry Forward of Losses Computed in Respect of Specified Business
- Section 115Set Off and Carry Forward of Losses from Specified Activity
- Section 116Treatment of Accumulated Losses and Unabsorbed Depreciation in Amalgamation or Demerger, etc.
- Section 117Treatment of Accumulated Losses and Unabsorbed Depreciation in Scheme of Amalgamation in Certain Cases
- Section 118Carry Forward and Set Off of Losses and Unabsorbed Depreciation in Business Reorganization of Co-operative Banks
- Section 119Carry Forward and Set Off of Losses Not Permissible in Certain Cases
- Section 120No Set Off of Losses Against Undisclosed Income Consequent to Search, Requisition and Survey
- Section 121Submission of Return for Losses
Chapter VIII - Deductions to be Made in Computing Total Income
- Section 122General Deductions to be Made in Computing Total Income
- Section 123Deduction for Life Insurance Premia, Deferred Annuity, Contributions to Provident Fund, etc.
- Section 124Deduction in Respect of Employer and Assessee Contribution to Pension Scheme of Central Government
- Section 125Deduction in Respect of Contribution to Agnipath Scheme
- Section 126Deduction in Respect of Health Insurance Premia
- Section 127Deduction in Respect of Maintenance Including Medical Treatment of a Dependant Who Is a Person with Disability
- Section 128Deduction in Respect of Medical Treatment, etc.
- Section 129Deduction in Respect of Interest on Loan Taken for Higher Education
- Section 130Deduction in Respect of Interest on Loan Taken for Residential House Property (Loans Sanctioned 2016-17)
- Section 131Deduction in Respect of Interest on Loan Taken for Certain House Property (Loans Sanctioned 2019-22)
- Section 132Deduction in Respect of Purchase of Electric Vehicle
- Section 133Deduction in Respect of Donations to Certain Funds, Charitable Institutions, etc.
- Section 134Deductions in Respect of Rents Paid
- Section 135Deduction in Respect of Certain Donations for Scientific Research or Rural Development
- Section 136Deduction in Respect of Contributions Given by Companies to Political Parties
- Section 137Deduction in Respect of Contributions Given by Any Person to Political Parties
- Section 138Deductions in Respect of Profits and Gains from Industrial Undertakings or Enterprises Engaged in Infrastructure Development, etc.
- Section 139Deductions in Respect of Profits and Gains by an Undertaking or Enterprise Engaged in Development of Special Economic Zone
- Section 140Special Provision in Respect of Specified Business
- Section 141Deduction in Respect of Profits and Gains from Certain Industrial Under-takings
- Section 142Deductions in Respect of Profits and Gains from Housing Projects
- Section 143Special Provisions in Respect of Certain Undertakings in North-Eastern States
- Section 144Special Provisions in Respect of Newly Established Units in Special Economic Zones
- Section 145Deduction for Businesses Engaged in Collecting and Processing of Bio-degradable Waste
- Section 146Deduction in Respect of Additional Employee Cost
- Section 147Deductions for Income of Offshore Banking Units and Units of International Financial Services Centre
- Section 148Deduction in Respect of Certain Inter-Corporate Dividends
- Section 149Deduction in Respect of Income of Co-operative Societies
- Section 150Deduction in Respect of Income of Federal Co-operative
- Section 151Deduction in Respect of Royalty Income, etc., of Authors of Certain Books Other Than Text-Books
- Section 152Deduction in Respect of Royalty on Patents
- Section 153Deduction for Interest on Deposits
- Section 154Deduction in Case of a Person with Disability
Chapter IX - Rebates and Reliefs
- Section 155Rebate to be Allowed in Computing Income-tax
- Section 156Rebate of Income-tax in Case of Certain Individuals
- Section 157Relief When Salary, etc., Is Paid in Arrears or in Advance
- Section 158Relief from Taxation in Income from Retirement Benefit Account Maintained in a Notified Country
- Section 159Agreement with Foreign Countries or Specified Territories and Adoption by Central Government of Agreement Between Specified Associations for Double Taxation Relief
- Section 160Countries with Which No Agreement Exists
Chapter X - Special Provisions Relating to Avoidance of Tax
- Section 161Computation of Income from International Transaction and Specified Domestic Transaction Having Regard to Arm's Length Price
- Section 162Meaning of Associated Enterprise
- Section 163Meaning of "International Transaction"
- Section 164Meaning of Specified Domestic Transaction
- Section 165Determination of Arm's Length Price
- Section 166Reference to Transfer Pricing Officer
- Section 167Power of Board to Make Safe Harbour Rules
- Section 168Advance Pricing Agreement
- Section 169Effect to Advance Pricing Agreement
- Section 170Secondary Adjustment in Certain Cases
- Section 171Maintenance, Keeping and Furnishing of Information and Document by Certain Persons
- Section 172Report from an Accountant to be Furnished by Persons Entering into International Transaction or Specified Domestic Transaction
- Section 173Definitions of Certain Terms Relevant to Determination of Arm's Length Price, etc.
- Section 174Avoidance of Income-tax by Transactions Resulting in Transfer of Income to Non-Residents
- Section 175Avoidance of Tax by Certain Transactions in Securities
- Section 176Special Measures in Respect of Transactions with Persons Located in Notified Jurisdictional Area
- Section 177Limitation on Interest Deduction in Certain Cases
Chapter XI - General Anti-Avoidance Rule
- Section 178Applicability of General Anti-Avoidance Rule
- Section 179Impermissible Avoidance Arrangement
- Section 180Arrangement to Lack Commercial Substance
- Section 181Consequences of Impermissible Avoidance Arrangement
- Section 182Treatment of Connected Person and Accommodating Party
- Section 183Application of this Chapter
- Section 184Interpretation
Chapter XII - Mode of Payment in Certain Cases, etc.
Chapter XIII - Determination of Tax in Special Cases
- Section 190Determination of Tax in Certain Special Cases - Determination of Tax Where Total Income Includes Income on Which No Tax is Payable
- Section 191Tax on Accumulated Balance of Recognised Provident Fund
- Section 192Tax in Case of Block Assessment of Search Cases
- Section 193Tax on Income from Global Depository Receipts Purchased in Foreign Currency or Capital Gains Arising from Their Transfer
- Section 194Tax on Certain Incomes
- Section 195Tax on Income Referred to in Sections 102 to 106
- Section 196Tax on Short-Term Capital Gains in Certain Cases
- Section 197Tax on Long-Term Capital Gains
- Section 198Tax on Long-Term Capital Gains in Certain Cases
- Section 199New Tax Regime: Tax on Income of Certain Manufacturing Domestic Companies
- Section 200Tax on Income of Certain Domestic Companies
- Section 201Tax on Income of New Manufacturing Domestic Companies
- Section 202New Tax Regime for Individuals, Hindu Undivided Family and Others
- Section 203Tax on Income of Certain Resident Co-operative Societies
- Section 204Tax on Income of Certain New Manufacturing Co-operative Societies
- Section 205Conditions for Tax on Income of Certain Companies and Co-operative Societies
- Section 206Special Provision for Payment of Tax by Certain Companies (Minimum Alternate Tax)
- Section 207Tax on Royalty and Fees for Technical Services in Case of Certain Non-Residents and Foreign Companies
- Section 208Tax on Income from Units Purchased in Foreign Currency or Capital Gains Arising from Their Transfer
- Section 209Tax on Income from Bonds or Global Depository Receipts Purchased in Foreign Currency or Capital Gains Arising from Their Transfer
- Section 210Tax on Income of Foreign Institutional Investors from Securities or Capital Gains Arising from Their Transfer
- Section 211Tax on Non-Resident Sportsmen or Sports Associations
- Section 212Interpretation
- Section 213Special Provision for Computation of Total Income of Non-Residents
- Section 214Tax on Investment Income and Long-Term Capital Gains
- Section 215Capital Gains on Transfer of Foreign Exchange Assets Not to Be Charged in Certain Cases
- Section 216Return of Income Not to Be Furnished in Certain Cases
- Section 217Application of Benefits under Sections 212 to 216
- Section 218Tax on Business Income of Offshore Banking Units or International Financial Services Centre Unit
- Section 219Conversion of an Indian Branch of Foreign Company into Subsidiary Indian Company
- Section 220Foreign Company Said to be Resident in India
- Section 221Special Provisions Relating to Pass-Through Entities - Tax on Income from Securitisation Trusts
- Section 222Tax on Income in Case of Venture Capital Undertakings
- Section 223Tax on Income of Unit Holder and Business Trust
- Section 224Tax on Income of Investment Fund and its Unit Holders
- Section 225Special Provisions Relating to Income of Shipping Companies - Income from Business of Operating Qualifying Ships
- Section 226Tonnage Tax Scheme
- Section 227Computation of Tonnage Income
- Section 228Relevant Shipping Income and Exclusion from Book Profit
- Section 229Depreciation and Gains Relating to Tonnage Tax Assets
- Section 230Exclusion of Deduction, Loss, Set Off, etc
- Section 231Method of Opting of Tonnage Tax Scheme and Validity
- Section 232Certain Conditions for Applicability of Tonnage Tax Scheme
- Section 233Amalgamation and Demerger
- Section 234Avoidance of Tax and Exclusion from Tonnage Tax Scheme
- Section 235Interpretation
Chapter XIV - Tax Administration
- Section 236Authorities, Jurisdiction and Functions - Income-tax Authorities
- Section 237Appointment of Income-tax Authorities
- Section 238Control of Income-tax Authorities
- Section 239Instructions to Subordinate Authorities
- Section 240Taxpayer's Charter
- Section 241Jurisdiction of Income-tax Authorities
- Section 242Jurisdiction of Assessing Officers
- Section 243Power to Transfer Cases
- Section 244Change of Incumbent of an Office
- Section 245Faceless Jurisdiction of Income-tax Authorities
- Section 246Powers - Power Regarding Discovery, Production of Evidence, etc
- Section 247Search and Seizure
- Section 248Powers to Requisition
- Section 249Reasons Not to Be Disclosed
- Section 250Application of Seized or Requisitioned Assets
- Section 251Copying, Extraction, Retention and Release of Books of Account and Documents Seized or Requisitioned
- Section 252Power to Call for Information
- Section 253Powers of Survey
- Section 254Power to Collect Certain Information
- Section 255Power to Inspect Registers of Companies
- Section 256Power of Certain Income-tax Authorities
- Section 257Proceedings Before Income-tax Authorities to Be Judicial Proceedings
- Section 258Disclosure of Information Relating to Assessees
- Section 259Power to Call for Information by Prescribed Income-tax Authority
- Section 260Faceless Collection of Information
- Section 261Interpretation
Chapter XV - Return of Income
Chapter XVI - Procedure for Assessment
- Section 268Inquiry Before Assessment
- Section 269Estimation of Value of Assets by Valuation Officer
- Section 270Assessment
- Section 271Best Judgment Assessment
- Section 272Power of Joint Commissioner to Issue Directions in Certain Cases
- Section 273Faceless Assessment
- Section 274Reference to Principal Commissioner or Commissioner in certain cases
- Section 275Reference to Dispute Resolution Panel
- Section 276Method of accounting
- Section 277Method of accounting in certain cases
- Section 278Taxability of certain income
- Section 279Income escaping assessment
- Section 280Issue of notice where income has escaped assessment
- Section 281Procedure before issuance of notice under section 280
- Section 282Time limit for notices under sections 280 and 281
- Section 283Provision for cases where assessment is in pursuance of an order on appeal, etc
- Section 284Sanction for issue of notice
- Section 285Other provisions
- Section 286Time limit for completion of assessment, reassessment and recomputation
- Section 287Rectification of mistake
- Section 288Other amendments
- Section 289Notice of demand
- Section 290Modification and revision of notice in certain cases
- Section 291Intimation of loss
- Section 292Special procedure for assessment of search cases: Assessment of total undisclosed income as a result of search
- Section 293Computation of total undisclosed income of block period
- Section 294Procedure for block assessment
- Section 295Undisclosed income of any other person
- Section 296Time-Limit for Completion of Block Assessment
- Section 297Certain interests and penalties not to be levied or imposed
- Section 298Levy of Interest and Penalty in Certain Cases (Block Assessment)
- Section 299Authority competent to make assessment of block period
- Section 300Application of other provisions of Act
- Section 301Interpretation (Block Period, Search and Undisclosed Income)
Chapter XVII - Special Provisions Relating to Certain Persons
- Section 302Legal Representative
- Section 303Representative Assessee - General Provisions
- Section 304Liability of Representative Assessee
- Section 305Right of Representative Assessee to Recover Tax Paid
- Section 306Who May Be Regarded as Agent (of a Non-Resident)
- Section 307Charge of Tax Where Share of Beneficiaries Unknown
- Section 308Charge of Tax in Case of Oral Trust
- Section 309Method of Computing a Member's Share in Income of Association of Persons or Body of Individuals
- Section 310Share of Member of Association of Persons or Body of Individuals in Income of Association or Body
- Section 311Charge of Tax Where Shares of Members in Association of Persons or Body of Individuals Unknown, etc.
- Section 312Executor
- Section 313Succession to Business or Profession Otherwise than on Death
- Section 314Effect of Order of Tribunal or Court in Respect of Business Reorganisation
- Section 315Assessment After Partition of a Hindu Undivided Family
- Section 316Shipping Business of Non-Residents
- Section 317Assessment of Persons Leaving India
- Section 318Assessment of Association of Persons or Body of Individuals or Artificial Juridical Person Formed for a Particular Event or Purpose
- Section 319Assessment of Persons Likely to Transfer Property to Avoid Tax
- Section 320Discontinued Business
- Section 321Association Dissolved or Business Discontinued
- Section 322Company in Liquidation
- Section 323Liability of Directors of Private Company
- Section 324Charge of Tax in Case of a Firm
- Section 325Assessment as a Firm
- Section 326Assessment When Section 325 Not Complied With
- Section 327Change in Constitution of a Firm
- Section 328Succession of One Firm by Another Firm
- Section 329Joint and Several Liability of Partners for Tax Payable by Firm
- Section 330Firm Dissolved or Business Discontinued
- Section 331Liability of Partners of Limited Liability Partnership in Liquidation
- Section 332Registration - Application for Registration
- Section 333Switching Over of Regimes
- Section 334Income of Registered Non-Profit Organisation - Tax on Income of Registered Non-Profit Organisation
- Section 335Regular Income
- Section 336Taxable Regular Income
- Section 337Specified Income
- Section 338Income Not to Be Included in Regular Income
- Section 339Corpus Donation
- Section 340Deemed Corpus Donation
- Section 341Application of Income
- Section 342Accumulated Income
- Section 343Deemed Accumulated Income
- Section 344Commercial Activities by Registered Non-Profit Organisation - Business Undertaking Held as Property
- Section 345Restriction on Commercial Activities by a Registered Non-Profit Organisation
- Section 346Restriction on Commercial Activity by a Registered Non-Profit Organisation
- Section 347Compliances - Books of Account
- Section 348Audit
- Section 349Return of Income
- Section 350Permitted Modes of Investment
- Section 351Violations - Specified Violation
- Section 352Tax on Accreted Income
- Section 353Other Violations
- Section 354Approval for Purpose of Deduction Under Section 133(1)(b)(ii) - Application for Approval for Purpose of Section 133(1)(b)(ii)
- Section 354AMerger of registered non-profit organisation in certain cases
- Section 355Interpretation
Chapter XVIII - Appeals, Revisions and Alternate Dispute Resolutions
- Section 356Appealable Orders Before Joint Commissioner (Appeals)
- Section 357Appealable Orders Before Commissioner (Appeals)
- Section 358Form of Appeal and Limitation
- Section 359Procedure in Appeal
- Section 360Powers of Joint Commissioner (Appeals) or Commissioner (Appeals)
- Section 361Appellate Tribunal
- Section 362Appeals to Appellate Tribunal
- Section 363Orders of Appellate Tribunal
- Section 364Procedure of Appellate Tribunal
- Section 365Appeal to High Court
- Section 366Case Before High Court to Be Heard by Not Less Than Two Judges
- Section 367Appeal to Supreme Court
- Section 368Hearing Before Supreme Court
- Section 369Tax to Be Paid Irrespective of Appeal, Etc.
- Section 370Execution for Costs Awarded by Supreme Court
- Section 371Amendment of Assessment on Appeal
- Section 372Exclusion of Time Taken for Copy
- Section 373Filing of Appeal by Income-Tax Authority
- Section 374Interpretation of "High Court"
- Section 375Procedure When Assessee Claims Identical Question of Law Is Pending Before High Court or Supreme Court
- Section 376Procedure Where an Identical Question of Law Is Pending Before High Courts or Supreme Court
- Section 377Revision of Orders Prejudicial to Revenue
- Section 378Revision of Other Orders
- Section 379Dispute Resolution Committee in Certain Cases
- Section 380Interpretation (Advance Rulings)
- Section 381Board for Advance Rulings
- Section 382Vacancies, etc., Not to Invalidate Proceedings
- Section 383Application for Advance Ruling
- Section 384Procedure on Receipt of Application
- Section 385Appellate Authority Not to Proceed in Certain Cases
- Section 386Advance Ruling to Be Void in Certain Circumstances
- Section 387Powers of the Board for Advance Rulings
- Section 388Procedure of Board for Advance Rulings
- Section 389Appeal
Chapter XIX - Collection and Recovery of Tax
- Section 390General - Deduction or Collection at Source and Advance Payment
- Section 391Direct Payment
- Section 392Deduction and Collection at Source - Salary and Accumulated Balance Due to an Employee
- Section 393Tax to Be Deducted at Source
- Section 394Collection of Tax at Source
- Section 395Certificates
- Section 396Tax Deducted Is Income Received
- Section 397Compliance and Reporting
- Section 398Consequences of Failure to Deduct or Pay or, Collect or Pay
- Section 399Processing
- Section 400Power of Central Government to Relax Provisions of This Chapter
- Section 401Bar Against Direct Demand on Assessee
- Section 402Interpretation
- Section 403Advance Payment of Tax - Liability for Payment of Advance Tax
- Section 404Conditions of Liability to Pay Advance Tax
- Section 405Computation of Advance Tax
- Section 406Payment of Advance Tax by Assessee on His Own Accord
- Section 407Payment of Advance Tax by Assessee in Pursuance of Order of Assessing Officer
- Section 408Instalments of Advance Tax and Due Dates
- Section 409When Assessee is Deemed to be in Default
- Section 410Credit for Advance Tax
- Section 411Collection and Recovery: When Tax Payable and When Assessee Deemed in Default
- Section 412Penalty Payable When Tax in Default
- Section 413Certificate by Tax Recovery Officer and Validity Thereof
- Section 414Tax Recovery Officer by Whom Recovery is to be Effected
- Section 415Stay of Proceedings in Pursuance of Certificate and Amendment or Cancellation Thereof
- Section 416Other Modes of Recovery
- Section 417Recovery Through State Government
- Section 418Recovery of Tax in Pursuance of Agreements with Foreign Countries
- Section 419Recovery of Penalties, Fine, Interest and Other Sums
- Section 420Tax Clearance Certificate
- Section 421Recovery by Suit or Under Other Law Not Affected
- Section 422Recovery of Tax Arrear in Respect of Non-Resident from His Assets
- Section 423Interest Chargeable in Certain Cases: Interest for Defaults in Furnishing Return of Income
- Section 424Interest for Defaults in Payment of Advance Tax
- Section 425Interest for Deferment of Advance Tax
- Section 426Interest on Excess Refund
- Section 427Fee for Default in Furnishing Statements
- Section 428Fee for Default in Furnishing Return of Income, Audited Accounts and Reports
- Section 429Fee for Default Relating to Statement or Certificate
- Section 430Fee for Default Relating to Intimation of Aadhaar Number
Chapter XX - Refunds
- Section 431Refunds
- Section 432Person Entitled to Claim Refund in Certain Special Cases
- Section 433Form of Claim for Refund and Limitation
- Section 434Refund for Denying Liability to Deduct Tax in Certain Cases
- Section 435Refund on Appeal, etc
- Section 436Correctness of Assessment Not to Be Questioned
- Section 437Interest on Refunds
- Section 438Set Off and Withholding of Refunds in Certain Cases
Chapter XXI - Penalties
- Section 439Penalty for Under-Reporting and Misreporting of Income
- Section 440Application for Waiver of Penalty and Immunity from Prosecution
- Section 441Failure to Keep, Maintain or Retain Books of Account, Documents, etc.
- Section 442Penalty for Failure to Keep and Maintain Information/Documents in Respect of International/Specified Domestic Transactions
- Section 444Penalty for False Entry, etc., in Books of Account
- Section 445Benefits to Related Persons
- Section 446Penalty for Failure to Furnish Information or for Furnishing Inaccurate Information on Transaction of Crypto-Asset
- Section 448Penalty for Failure to Deduct Tax at Source
- Section 449Penalty for Failure to Collect Tax at Source
- Section 450Penalty for Failure to Comply with Provisions of Section 185
- Section 451Penalty for Failure to Comply with Provisions of Section 186
- Section 452Penalty for Failure to Comply with Provisions of Section 187
- Section 453Penalty for Failure to Comply with Provisions of Section 188
- Section 454Penalty for Failure to Furnish Statement of Financial Transaction or Reportable Account After a Notice
- Section 455Penalty for Furnishing Inaccurate Statement of Financial Transaction or Reportable Account
- Section 456Penalty for Failure to Furnish Statement or Information or Document by an Eligible Investment Fund
- Section 457Penalty for Failure to Furnish Information or Document Under Section 171
- Section 458Penalty for Failure to Furnish Information or Document Under Section 506
- Section 459Penalty for Failure to Furnish Report or for Furnishing Inaccurate Report Under Section 511
- Section 460Penalty for Failure to Submit Statement Under Section 505
- Section 461Penalty for Failure to Furnish Statements, etc.
- Section 462Penalty for Failure to Furnish Information or Furnishing Inaccurate Information Under Section 397(3)(d)
- Section 463Penalty for Furnishing Incorrect Information in Reports or Certificates
- Section 464Penalty for Failure to Furnish Statements, etc.
- Section 465Penalty for Failure to Answer Questions, Sign Statements, Furnish Information, Returns or Statements, Allow Inspections, etc.
- Section 466Penalty for Failure to Comply with the Provisions of Section 254
- Section 467Penalty for Failure to Comply with the Provisions of Sections 262 and 397
- Section 468Penalty for Failure to Comply with the Provisions of Section 397
- Section 469Power to Reduce or Waive Penalty
- Section 470Penalty Not to be Imposed in Certain Cases
- Section 471Procedure
- Section 472Bar of Limitation for Imposing Penalties
Chapter XXII - Offences and Prosecution
- Section 473Contravention of Order Made During Search Action
- Section 474Failure to Afford Facility for Inspection of Books of Account During Search
- Section 475Removal, Concealment, Transfer or Delivery of Property to Prevent Tax Recovery
- Section 476Failure to Pay Tax Deducted to the Credit of Central Government under Chapter XIX-B
- Section 477Failure to Pay Tax Collected at Source
- Section 478Punishment for Wilful Attempt to Evade Tax
- Section 479Failure to Furnish Returns of Income
- Section 480Failure to Furnish Return of Income Setting Forth Undisclosed Income
- Section 481Failure to Comply with a Direction of Special Audit or Valuation
- Section 482False Statement in Verification, etc.
- Section 483Falsification of Books of Account or Document, etc.
- Section 484Abetment of False Return, etc.
- Section 485Punishment for Second and Subsequent Offences
- Section 486Punishment Not to be Imposed in Certain Cases
- Section 487Offences by Companies
- Section 488Offences by Hindu Undivided Family
- Section 489Presumption as to Assets, Books of Account, etc., in Certain Cases
- Section 490Presumption as to Culpable Mental State
- Section 491Prosecution to be at Instance of Principal Chief Commissioner or Chief Commissioner or Principal Commissioner or Commissioner
- Section 492Certain Offences to be Non-Cognizable
- Section 493Proof of Entries in Records or Documents
- Section 494Disclosure of Particulars by Public Servants
- Section 495Special Courts
- Section 496Offences Triable by Special Court
- Section 497Trial of Offences as Summons Case
- Section 498Application of Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita, 2023 to Proceedings Before Special Court
Chapter XXIII - Miscellaneous
- Section 499Certain Transfers to be Void
- Section 500Provisional Attachment to Protect Revenue in Certain Cases
- Section 501Service of Notice, Generally
- Section 502Authentication of Notices and Other Documents
- Section 503Service of Notice When Family is Disrupted or Firm etc., is Dissolved
- Section 504Service of Notice in Case of Discontinued Business
- Section 505Submission of Statement by a Non-Resident Having Liaison Office
- Section 506Furnishing of Information or Documents by an Indian Concern in Certain Cases
- Section 507Submission of Statements by Producers of Cinematograph Films or Persons Engaged in Specified Activity
- Section 508Obligation to Furnish Statement of Financial Transaction or Reportable Account
- Section 509Obligation to Furnish Information on Transaction of Crypto-Asset
- Section 510Annual Information Statement
- Section 511Furnishing of Report in Respect of International Group
- Section 512Publication of Information Respecting Assessees in Certain Cases
- Section 513Appearance by Registered Valuer in Certain Matters
- Section 514Registration of Valuers
- Section 515Appearance by Authorised Representative
- Section 516Rounding Off of Amount of Total Income, or Amount Payable or Refundable
- Section 517Receipt to be Given
- Section 518Indemnity
- Section 519Power to Tender Immunity from Prosecution
- Section 520Cognizance of Offences
- Section 521Probation of Offenders Act, 1958 and Section 401 of Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita, 2023, Not to Apply
- Section 522Circumstances in Which Return of Income, Assessment, Approvals, etc., Not to Be Invalid
- Section 523Notice Deemed to be Valid in Certain Circumstances
- Section 524Presumption as to Assets, Books of Account, etc.
- Section 525Authorisation and Assessment in Case of Search or Requisition
- Section 526Bar of Suits in Civil Courts
- Section 527Power to Make Exemption, etc., in Relation to Participation in Business of Prospecting for, Extraction, etc., of Mineral Oils
- Section 528Power of Central Government or Board to Condone Delays in Obtaining Approval
- Section 529Power to Withdraw Approval
- Section 530Act to Have Effect Pending Legislative Provision for Charge of Tax
- Section 531Power to Rescind Exemption in Relation to Certain Union Territories Already Granted under Section 294A of the Income-tax Act, 1961
- Section 532Power to Frame Schemes
- Section 533Power to Make Rules
- Section 534Laying Before Parliament
- Section 535Removal of Difficulties
- Section 536Repeal and Savings
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