Chapter IV - Consumer Disputes Redressal Commission
Section 47
Section 47: Jurisdiction of State Commission
Section 47 defines the State Commission’s original, appellate, revision and unfair-contract jurisdiction and its territorial grounds. The current 2021 rule sets the ordinary goods/services complaint band above fifty lakh and up to two crore rupees.
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Need advice on Section 47?
This article is for general information. Refer to the Consumer Protection Act, 2019 official text for the official provisions. If you need professional advice for your situation, contact Bizeneed.
Statutory text
Bare law
(1) Subject to the other provisions of this Act, the State Commission shall have jurisdiction— (a) to entertain— (i) complaints where the value of the goods or services paid as consideration, exceeds rupees one crore, but does not exceed rupees ten crore:
Provided that where the Central Government deems it necessary so to do, it may prescribe such other value, as it deems fit; (ii) complaints against unfair contracts, where the value of goods or services paid as consideration does not exceed ten crore rupees; (iii) appeals against the orders of any District Commission within the State; and (b) to call for the records and pass appropriate orders in any consumer dispute which is pending before or has been decided by any District Commission within the State, where it appears to the State Commission that such District Commission has exercised a jurisdiction not vested in it by law, or has failed to exercise a jurisdiction so vested or has acted in exercise of its jurisdiction illegally or with material irregularity.
(2) The jurisdiction, powers and authority of the State Commission may be exercised by Benches thereof, and a Bench may be constituted by the President with one or more members as the President may deem fit:
Provided that the senior-most member shall preside over the Bench.
(3) Where the members of a Bench differ in opinion on any point, the points shall be decided according to the opinion of the majority, if there is a majority, but if the members are equally divided, they shall state the point or points on which they differ, and make a reference to the President who shall either hear the point or points himself or refer the case for hearing on such point or points by one or more of the other members and such point or points shall be decided according to the opinion of the majority of the members who have heard the case, including those who first heard it:
Provided that the President or the other members, as the case may be, shall give opinion on the point or points so referred within a period of one month from the date of such reference.
(4) A complaint shall be instituted in a State Commission within the limits of whose jurisdiction,-- (a) the opposite party or each of the opposite parties, where there are more than one, at the time of the institution of the complaint, ordinarily resides or carries on business or has a branch office or personally works for gain; or (b) any of the opposite parties, where there are more than one, at the time of the institution of the complaint, actually and voluntarily resides, or carries on business or has a branch office or personally works for gain, provided in such case, the permission of the State Commission is given; or (c) the cause of action, wholly or in part, arises; or (d) the complainant resides or personally works for gain.
Introduction
The enacted Act states a default monetary band, while the 2021 jurisdiction rules prescribe the current paid-consideration threshold. Read the Act text and current rule together.
Key takeaways
Who and when
Section 47 defines the State Commission’s original, appellate, revision and unfair-contract jurisdiction and its territorial grounds. The current 2021 rule sets the ordinary goods/services complaint band above fifty lakh and up to two crore rupees.
Operational step
For an ordinary original goods/services complaint under subsection (1)(a)(i), calculate paid consideration and apply the current prescribed ₹50-lakh-to-₹2-crore band.
Boundary
Do not apply the 2021 rule’s ordinary-complaint band to the separate unfair-contract clause without authority.
When the section matters
Section 47 defines the State Commission’s original, appellate, revision and unfair-contract jurisdiction and its territorial grounds. The current 2021 rule sets the ordinary goods/services complaint band above fifty lakh and up to two crore rupees.
Practical steps
For an ordinary original goods/services complaint under subsection (1)(a)(i), calculate paid consideration and apply the current prescribed ₹50-lakh-to-₹2-crore band. Separate unfair-contract claims under clause (ii), District Commission appeals under clause (iii), and revision under paragraph (b); the ten-crore unfair-contract ceiling is a separate statutory test. Check territorial links and permission requirements before filing an original complaint in a particular State Commission.
- For an ordinary original goods/services complaint under subsection (1)(a)(i), calculate paid consideration and apply the current prescribed ₹50-lakh-to-₹2-crore band.
- Separate unfair-contract claims under clause (ii), District Commission appeals under clause (iii), and revision under paragraph (b); the ten-crore unfair-contract ceiling is a separate statutory test.
- Check territorial links and permission requirements before filing an original complaint in a particular State Commission.
Example
A buyer who paid ₹80 lakh for a service may use State Commission ordinary original jurisdiction under the current threshold, subject to territorial jurisdiction and the other Act provisions.
Official sources
Practical checklist
Do
- For an ordinary original goods/services complaint under subsection (1)(a)(i), calculate paid consideration and apply the current prescribed ₹50-lakh-to-₹2-crore band.
- Separate unfair-contract claims under clause (ii), District Commission appeals under clause (iii), and revision under paragraph (b); the ten-crore unfair-contract ceiling is a separate statutory test.
- Check territorial links and permission requirements before filing an original complaint in a particular State Commission.
Avoid
- Do not apply the 2021 rule’s ordinary-complaint band to the separate unfair-contract clause without authority.
- Do not treat revision under subsection (1)(b) as another unrestricted merits appeal.
Glossary
- Revision jurisdiction
- The State Commission’s power to call for District Commission records where jurisdiction was wrongly exercised or materially irregular.
Frequently asked questions
Does the State Commission hear only appeals?
No. Section 47 also gives it specified original complaint, unfair-contract and revision jurisdiction.
Need help applying this provision to your situation?
Contact BizeneedLast updated 10 October 2026