Chapter I - Preliminary
Section 1
Section 1: Short title, extent, commencement and application
Section 1 names the Act, states its extent, permits provision-wise commencement and makes it applicable to goods and services unless the Central Government notifies otherwise.
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Need advice on Section 1?
This article is for general information. Refer to the Consumer Protection Act, 2019 official text for the official provisions. If you need professional advice for your situation, contact Bizeneed.
Statutory text
Bare law
(1) This Act may be called the Consumer Protection Act, 2019.
(2) It extends to the whole of India except the State of Jammu and Kashmir.
(3) It shall come into force on such date as the Central Government may, by notification, appoint and different dates may be appointed for different States and for different provisions of this Act and any reference in any such provision to the commencement of this Act shall be construed as a reference to the coming into force of that provision.
(4) Save as otherwise expressly provided by the Central Government, by notification, this Act shall apply to all goods and services.
Introduction
The Act was brought into force in two main stages on 20 and 24 July 2020. The consolidation notes a separate 2019 notification applying it to the Union territories of Jammu and Kashmir and Ladakh despite the original clause (2) wording.
The 9 August 2019 assent date is not itself the commencement date for all duties. The original territorial words must be read with the official extension note.
Key takeaways
Who and what it covers
The Act was brought into force in two main stages on 20 and 24 July 2020. The consolidation notes a separate 2019 notification applying it to the Union territories of Jammu and Kashmir and Ladakh despite the original clause (2) wording.
Operational step
Date the conduct before selecting the operative provision and any later amendment.
Boundary
The 9 August 2019 assent date is not itself the commencement date for all duties. The original territorial words must be read with the official extension note.
Purpose and trigger
The Act was brought into force in two main stages on 20 and 24 July 2020. The consolidation notes a separate 2019 notification applying it to the Union territories of Jammu and Kashmir and Ladakh despite the original clause (2) wording.
Practical sequence
Date the conduct before selecting the operative provision and any later amendment.
- Date the conduct before selecting the operative provision and any later amendment.
- Check the July 2020 commencement notifications for the exact provision or definition clause.
- Check any notified goods or services exception before assuming section 1(4) applies.
Limit and related provision
The 9 August 2019 assent date is not itself the commencement date for all duties. The original territorial words must be read with the official extension note.
The text is the central Act. Check current rules, regulations and notifications where the section delegates a detail.
Hypothetical example
A July 2020 advertising dispute requires the team to check whether the relevant CCPA and misleading-ad provisions had commenced on the day of the ad.
Primary sources
The statutory wording is drawn from the official central Act and checked against the India Code consolidation. The commencement notice identifies when this provision took effect.
Practical checklist
Do
- Date the conduct before selecting the operative provision and any later amendment.
- Check the July 2020 commencement notifications for the exact provision or definition clause.
- Check any notified goods or services exception before assuming section 1(4) applies.
Avoid
- Do not use presidential assent as the operative start date for a provision.
- The 9 August 2019 assent date is not itself the commencement date for all duties. The original territorial words must be read with the official extension note.
Illustrative example
Section 1 in practice
A July 2020 advertising dispute requires the team to check whether the relevant CCPA and misleading-ad provisions had commenced on the day of the ad.
Identify the trigger
The Act was brought into force in two main stages on 20 and 24 July 2020. The consolidation notes a separate 2019 notification applying it to the Union territories of Jammu and Kashmir and Ladakh despite the original clause (2) wording.
Gather evidence
Check the July 2020 commencement notifications for the exact provision or definition clause.
Apply the limit
The 9 August 2019 assent date is not itself the commencement date for all duties. The original territorial words must be read with the official extension note.
Outcome
- Check any notified goods or services exception before assuming section 1(4) applies.
Glossary
- Commencement
- The date on which a notified provision begins to operate.
- Application
- The goods and services to which the Act applies under section 1(4), subject to an express Central Government notification.
Frequently asked questions
Did every provision commence on one day?
No. Official notifications brought specified parts into force on 20 July and the remaining listed parts on 24 July 2020.
How does section 1(4) describe coverage?
The Act applies to all goods and services unless the Central Government expressly provides otherwise by notification.
Need help applying this provision to your situation?
Contact BizeneedLast updated 10 October 2026