Chapter I - Of the Communication, Acceptance and Revocation of Proposals
Section 7
Section 7: acceptance must be absolute
An acceptance converts an offer into a promise only when it is absolute and unqualified. Section 7 also addresses how the acceptance must be communicated when the offer specifies a method.
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This article is for general information. Refer to the Indian Contract Act, 1872 official text for the official provisions. If you need professional advice for your situation, contact Bizeneed.
Statutory text
Bare law
In order to convert a proposal into a promise, the acceptance must— (1) be absolute and unqualified; (2) be expressed in some usual and reasonable manner, unless the proposal prescribes the manner in which it is to be accepted. If the proposal prescribes a manner in which it is to be accepted, and the acceptance is not made in such manner, the proposer may, within a reasonable time after the acceptance is communicated to him, insist that his proposal shall be accepted in the prescribed manner, and not otherwise; but if he fails to do so, he accepts the acceptance.
Introduction
A response that changes a material term should not be treated as the original offer's unqualified acceptance. The section also prevents an offeror from silently waiting after a different communication method is used and later objecting to that method without acting within a reasonable time.
Key takeaways
No qualification
The acceptance must agree to the proposal without a condition or alteration.
Use the stated method
Acceptance should follow the method prescribed in the proposal; otherwise use a usual and reasonable manner.
Prompt objection matters
If the offeree uses another method, the proposer must insist on the prescribed method within a reasonable time after communication or is treated as accepting the method used.
Check the response against the offer
Compare the accepted price, scope, delivery and other material terms with the proposal. A conditional response does not satisfy the statute's absolute-and-unqualified requirement.
Specify a practical acceptance channel
If the business needs acceptance by a particular route, state that route in the proposal and keep a reliable record of when a response arrives.
Object promptly to another channel
When the offeree accepts through a different method, the proposer can insist on the specified method within a reasonable time. The statute treats silence beyond that point differently, so record any objection promptly.
Practical checklist
Do
- Keep the original proposal and the response together.
- Identify any conditions or changes in the response before acting on it.
- Record the timing of any objection to a non-prescribed acceptance method.
Avoid
- Do not label a changed set of terms as an unqualified acceptance.
- Do not assume a prescribed channel defeats an otherwise communicated acceptance if the proposer fails to object within a reasonable time.
Frequently asked questions
Can an offer specify how it must be accepted?
Yes. Section 7 allows the proposal to prescribe a manner of acceptance, subject to its rule about prompt objection if another manner is used.
Need help applying this provision to your situation?
Contact BizeneedLast updated 9 October 2026