Chapter XV - Demands and recovery
Section 75
Section 75: General provisions relating to determination of tax
Section 75 supplies hearing, order, limitation and recovery safeguards across the CGST tax-determination provisions.
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This article is for general information. Refer to the Central Goods and Services Tax Act, 2017 official text for the official provisions. If you need professional advice for your situation, contact Bizeneed.
Statutory text
Bare law
(1) Where the service of notice or issuance of order is stayed by an order of a court or Appellate Tribunal, the period of such stay shall be excluded in computing the period specified in sub-sections (2) and (10) of section 73 or sub-sections (2) and (10) of section 74 or sub-sections (2) and (7) of section 74A, as the case may be.
(2) Where any Appellate Authority or Appellate Tribunal or court concludes that the notice issued under sub-section (1) of section 74 is not sustainable for the reason that the charges of fraud or any wilful-misstatement or suppression of facts to evade tax has not been established against the person to whom the notice was issued, the proper officer shall determine the tax payable by such person, deeming as if the notice were issued under sub-section (1) of section 73.
(2A) Where any Appellate Authority or Appellate Tribunal or court concludes that the penalty under clause (ii) of sub-section (5) of section 74A is not sustainable for the reason that the charges of fraud or any wilful-misstatement or suppression of facts to evade tax has not been established against the person to whom the notice was issued, the penalty shall be payable by such person, under clause (i) of sub-section (5) of section 74A.
(3) Where any order is required to be issued in pursuance of the direction of the Appellate Authority or Appellate Tribunal or a court, such order shall be issued within two years from the date of communication of the said direction.
(4) An opportunity of hearing shall be granted where a request is received in writing from the person chargeable with tax or penalty, or where any adverse decision is contemplated against such person.
(5) The proper officer shall, if sufficient cause is shown by the person chargeable with tax, grant time to the said person and adjourn the hearing for reasons to be recorded in writing: Provided that no such adjournment shall be granted for more than three times to a person during the proceedings.
(6) The proper officer, in his order, shall set out the relevant facts and the basis of his decision.
(7) The amount of tax, interest and penalty demanded in the order shall not be in excess of the amount specified in the notice and no demand shall be confirmed on the grounds other than the grounds specified in the notice.
(8) Where the Appellate Authority or Appellate Tribunal or court modifies the amount of tax determined by the proper officer, the amount of interest and penalty shall stand modified accordingly, taking into account the amount of tax so modified.
(9) The interest on the tax short paid or not paid shall be payable whether or not specified in the order determining the tax liability.
(10) The adjudication proceedings shall be deemed to be concluded, if the order is not issued within the period specified in sub-section (10) of section 73 or in sub-section (10) of section 74 or in sub-section (7) of section 74A.
(11) An issue on which the Appellate Authority or the Appellate Tribunal or the High Court has given its decision which is prejudicial to the interest of revenue in some other proceedings and an appeal to the Appellate Tribunal or the High Court or the Supreme Court against such decision of the Appellate Authority or the Appellate Tribunal or the High Court is pending, the period spent between the date of the decision of the Appellate Authority and that of the Appellate Tribunal or the date of decision of the Appellate Tribunal and that of the High Court or the date of the decision of the High Court and that of the Supreme Court shall be excluded in computing the period referred to in sub-section (10) of section 73 or sub-section (10) of section 74 or sub-section (7) of section 74A where proceedings are initiated by way of issue of a show cause notice under the said sections.
(12) Notwithstanding anything contained in section 73 or section 74 or section 74A, where any amount of self-assessed tax in accordance with a return furnished under section 39 remains unpaid, either wholly or partly, or any amount of interest payable on such tax remains unpaid, the same shall be recovered under the provisions of section 79.
Explanation.—For the purposes of this sub-section, the expression “self-assessed tax” shall include the tax payable in respect of details of outward supplies furnished under section 37, but not included in the return furnished under section 39.
(13) Where any penalty is imposed under section 73 or section 74 or section 74A, no penalty for the same act or omission shall be imposed on the same person under any other provision of this Act.
Introduction
Read section 75 with the relevant demand section. It controls how an officer hears a person, frames the order and computes or adjusts certain periods.
Key takeaways
Hearing and adjournment
A hearing is granted on written request or where an adverse decision is contemplated. Sufficient cause can justify an adjournment, with no more than three for a person in the proceedings.
Notice bounds and reasons
The order must state relevant facts and its basis; amount demanded cannot exceed the notice and no new ground outside the notice may be confirmed.
Time and appeal effects
Court or Tribunal stay periods can be excluded from limits; an order not issued within the applicable section 73, 74 or 74A period causes deemed conclusion. Fraud grounds found unsustainable lead to the specified non-fraud consequence.
Self-assessed unpaid tax
Unpaid tax shown in a section 39 return, including tax from section 37 outward details omitted from that return, and associated interest can be recovered under section 79.
Hearing and adjournment
A hearing is granted on written request or where an adverse decision is contemplated. Sufficient cause can justify an adjournment, with no more than three for a person in the proceedings.
Notice bounds and reasons
The order must state relevant facts and its basis; amount demanded cannot exceed the notice and no new ground outside the notice may be confirmed.
Time and appeal effects
Court or Tribunal stay periods can be excluded from limits; an order not issued within the applicable section 73, 74 or 74A period causes deemed conclusion. Fraud grounds found unsustainable lead to the specified non-fraud consequence.
Self-assessed unpaid tax
Unpaid tax shown in a section 39 return, including tax from section 37 outward details omitted from that return, and associated interest can be recovered under section 79.
Practical checklist
Do
- Request a hearing in writing and preserve proof.
- Compare notice grounds and amount with the final order.
- Compute limitation with any documented stay or statutory exclusion.
- Check whether the issue is self-assessed unpaid tax.
Avoid
- Apply the pre-FY 2024-25 demand route to a later financial year.
Frequently asked questions
May the final demand exceed the show-cause notice?
Section 75(7) bars confirmation above the notice amount or on grounds other than those in the notice.
Need help applying this provision to your situation?
Contact BizeneedLast updated 10 October 2026